How to Connect a Subwoofer to a Turntable?

Connecting your subwoofer to a turntable may seem complex initially (especially for beginners), but once you do, it will add depth and richness to the music you love.

Many audiophiles have asked me for this article, in which I have provided proper guidance. It doesn’t matter if you’re a vinyl record player enthusiast or a beginner who wants to learn about the mechanics behind the music.

Please bear in mind that each setup may vary slightly, so while these instructions aim to be broadly applicable, you should always consider the specific details of your equipment. Let’s begin!

1. Introduction to the Components:

Before we dive into the tutorial, I want you to read this part carefully to learn about the relationship between a subwoofer and a turntable. This section will surely help you to determine what you are doing exactly.

1.1 Subwoofer Types:

If you haven’t considered a subwoofer yet, or you already have a subwoofer you want to connect with the vinyl setup, please read below:

• Passive Subwoofers: These subs require an external amplifier to power them correctly. I agree they provide more control over the rich sound, but it may be a complex or more expensive component to connect with the turntable. That’s why I won’t recommend using a passive subwoofer with the vinyl.
• Powered Subwoofers: This subwoofer contains a built-in amplifier, making it a good-to-go turntable component. You don’t have to buy an additional amplifier. However, most home theater systems use powered subwoofers commonly.

Both subwoofers are capable of producing an excellent frequency response in their own way.

1.2 Turntable Basics:

The basics of a turntable revolve around four main components:

1. The platter and motor that hold and spin the record, respectively. Their design and quality can influence the steadiness and speed of playback.
2. The tonearm and cartridge read the grooves on the record and play the sound. Different materials and their construction can affect how accurately the sound is played.
3. The built-in preamp comes installed in some turntables, or you can get them externally. It boosts the phono signal to line level.
4. The speed controls adjust the RPM to match the record, with options like 33, 45, or 78 RPM.

1.3 Connection Cables:

Depending upon the connection types, you will use one of the below cables to connect the subwoofer to your turntable.

• RCA Cables: These are basic cables that will allow the audiophiles to connect the turntable to a receiver or amplifier.
• Subwoofer Cable: Depending upon the subwoofer input type, you will use a sub cable to connect the subwoofer to the receiver or amplifier.
• Speaker Wire: You may need a speaker wire to connect it to an external amplifier if you are using a passive subwoofer.
• Ground Wire: Some turntable setups require a ground wire connection to eliminate hum.

2. Tools Required for Subwoofer-Turntable Connection:

Before going into the next section, please ensure you have the following tools in your hand to connect a subwoofer to a turntable like a pro:

• Wire Stripper: It will help you to prepare the speaker wires, especially when connecting a passive subwoofer.
• Screwdrivers: Not very essential! But both Flathead and Phillips-head screwdrivers may help you to make a secure connection or adjust settings on some equipment like an amplifier.
• Cable Tester: You may or may not use this tool. However, it can help you test your audio cables’ integrity, eliminating any after-connection problems you may face.
• Flashlight: You can use a mobile light or flashlight for better visibility when working behind or under equipment.
• Y-Adapter: A Y-adapter is necessary if your subwoofer only has one input, but your turntable has two outputs if you want to make a direct connection without the receiver or amp’s involvement.
• Amp or Receiver: An amplifier or receiver is required to connect a turntable to a passive subwoofer. The amp boosts the turntable’s signal to match the subwoofer’s input level.

3. Step-By-Step Guide to Connecting a Subwoofer to a Turntable:

At least, getting to our main question! In this section, I have provided an easy tutorial to make the connection:

3.1 Preparation:

Before you begin, there are several preparation steps you need to follow. Begin by deciding on the most suitable locations for your turntable and subwoofer.

Remember, the subwoofer’s position can notably impact the bass response; placing it in a corner often boosts the low bass tones due to the natural amplification effect, producing moderate bass tones.

However, the final placement should align with your room’s acoustics and your personal preference. For your safety, ensure the turntable and the subwoofer are not connected to the power source to prevent any electrical mishaps.

Additionally, take the time to carefully check all the cables for any possible damage or signs of wear. Cable organizers are recommended as they not only tidy up your setup but also minimize the risk of accidental trips or cable damage.

3.2 Cable Connections:

Depending upon your subwoofer type, you can use a suitable guide for the connection:

For Passive Subwoofer:

As mentioned above, a passive subwoofer requires an external source to power it. Depending on the sub’s specification, you may use an amplifier or receiver with the right RMS rating. Now, follow the below steps:

1. Turntable to Receiver/Amplifier: First, connect the turntable to the amplifier or receiver using the appropriate cable (RCA Cable). Look at the receiver’s back to check the input type. Many receivers come up with the built-in preamp labeled as “Phono.” If your comes with one, simply connect it with an input cable coming from the turntable.
2. Receiver/Amplifier to Subwoofer: Find the subwoofer output (often labeled ‘Sub Out’) on your receiver or amplifier. Connect this to the input of your passive subwoofer using a subwoofer cable. You can still connect your subwoofer to receiver without sub output.

For Powered Subwoofer:

The powered sub doesn’t require an additional amplifier for the connection. If your turntable has a built-in preamp, it usually has an RCA line-level output, which can be connected directly to a powered sub with the corresponding RCA line-level input.

The connection is made using RCA cables: The RCA output from the turntable is connected to the RCA input on the powered subwoofer, with the color-coded connectors matched – red to red and white to white (or black).

Remember, if your turntable lacks a built-in preamp and your powered subwoofer can’t handle phono input, you might need an external phono preamp to establish this connection successfully.

3.3 Adjusting Settings:

Now, let’s come to the last part! You must adjust the turntable and subwoofer settings to create a harmonious and pleasurable listening experience.

These proper adjustments will ensure the sound is strong enough, manageable, and matches your room acoustics. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

Turntable Settings:

Beginning with the frequency source! First, you need to learn how to regulate the gain or volume controls, typically found as a knob or slider on the device. Begin with a mid-range setting and gradually fine-tune the levels while playing a familiar track.

The goal is to accomplish a balanced sound output that aligns with the acoustics of your room and your personal listening preferences.

Subwoofer’s Crossover Frequency:

Adjusting the settings on your subwoofer is critical for achieving the best quality sound. The first step is to understand the subwoofer crossover.

This setting determines which low frequencies are directed toward the subwoofer and which ones are channeled to the main speakers.

A proper adjustment ensures that bass frequencies go to the subwoofer without overlapping with the main speakers, thus preventing distortion.

To make this adjustment, you must find the Crossover Control, typically located on the powered subwoofer’s rear panel. After locating the control, start tweaking the frequency.

A good starting point is between 80Hz and 100Hz. From there, play different music tracks, such as electronic dance music, and adjust the setting to accommodate your specific audio system and personal taste.

How to Choose the Right Subwoofer for Your Vinyl Setup?

Several factors must be considered when selecting the appropriate subwoofer for your vinyl setup.

1. First, it is essential to determine your preferences and expectations – what kind of listening experience you wish to create. Whether you’re seeking a musical environment or an audio setup for a home cinema, your goals will guide your subwoofer choice.
2. Secondly, the size of the room hosting the setup is a significant factor. Larger rooms require more potent subwoofers to fill the space adequately with great sound. Similarly, your music preferences will also influence the type and size of the subwoofer needed. A larger and more powerful subwoofer might be appropriate if your tastes lean toward bass-heavy music genres (Or you want to listen to mid and high tones).
3. Budget limitations are a practical concern for most. Subwoofers can range dramatically in price, so defining a budget beforehand can streamline your choices and prevent overspending.
4. The enclosure’s design, whether sealed, ported, or bandpass, can significantly affect the sound produced by the subwoofer. Each design type has unique characteristics that influence the audio output.
5. Lastly, ensure your chosen subwoofer can connect seamlessly with your amplifier or receiver using low or high-level input and any specific requirements of your turntable setup. Some turntables, particularly those utilizing a built-in preamp, may necessitate particular subwoofer models.

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